 1316 - 1390 (74 years)
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| Name |
Robert II Stewart Of Scotland |
| Prefix |
King |
| Birth |
2 Mar 1316 |
Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire, Scotland  [4, 5] |
| Gender |
Male |
| Death |
19 Apr 1390 |
Dundonald Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland [4, 5] |
| Burial |
Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire, Scotland |
| Person ID |
I69932 |
Cecilie Family |
| Last Modified |
2 Mar 2009 |
| Father |
Walter Stewart, b. 1292, Dundonald Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 9 Apr 1327, Bathgate Castle, West Lothian, Scotland (Age 35 years) |
| Mother |
Princess Marjorie Bruce, b. Bef 1297, Dundonald Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 2 Mar 1316, Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire, Scotland (Age 19 years) |
| Marriage |
1315 |
1st Wife [6, 7] |
| Family ID |
F30360 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Family 1 |
Elizabeth Mure, b. 1320, Rowallan Castle, Kilmarnock, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 1355, Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire, Scotland (Age 35 years) |
| Marriage |
22 Nov 1347 |
Late Marriage Legitimized Children [4, 5, 8] |
| Children |
| | 1. King Robert III (John) Stewart Of Scotland, b. Abt 1337, Dundonald Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 4 Apr 1406, Rothesay Castle, Isle Of Bute, Scotland (Age 69 years) |
| | 2. Sir Robert Stewart Of Albany, b. Abt 1340, Dundonald Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 2 Sep 1420, Stirling Castle, Stirlingshire, Scotland (Age 80 years) |
| | 3. Princess Jean (Joan) Stewart, b. Abt 1347, Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland d. Aft 1404, Scone Abbey, Perthshire, Scotland (Age 58 years) |
| | 4. Isabella Stewart d. 1410 |
| | 5. Elizabeth Stewart |
|
| Family ID |
F30359 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Last Modified |
2 Mar 2009 |
| Family 2 |
Euphemia Of Ross, b. Abt 1332, Fearn, Ross And Cromarty, Scotland d. 1387, Dundonald Castle, Ayrshire, Scotland (Age 55 years) |
| Marriage |
2 May 1355 |
2ND Husband 2ND Wife - Papal Dispensation Date [4, 9] |
| Children |
|
| Family ID |
F30401 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Last Modified |
2 Mar 2009 |
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| Event Map |
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 | Death - 19 Apr 1390 - Dundonald Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland |
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| Notes |
- Robert II, King of Scots; born 2 March 1315/6; succeeded father as 7th Great Steward of Scotland 1327; fought at Battle of Halidon Hill 1333; commanding the retreat after his uncle David II was captured at Neville's Cross 1346, Regent or Guardian of Scotland 1346-7, succeeded David II 1370/1; married 1st (papal dispensation 22 Nov 1347) Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Adam Muir of Rowallan; married 2nd (papal dispensation 2 May 1355) Eupheme (died 1387), daughter of Hugh, 4th Earl of Ross, and widow of John, 3rd Earl of Moray (killed at Neville's Cross 1346), and died 19 April 1390. [Burke's Peerage]
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Robert II Stewart, b. 2 Mar 1315/6, d. Dundonald Castle 19 Apr 1390, Earl of Atholl 1341, Earl of Strathern 1358, King of Scotland 22 Feb 1370/1 - 1390; m. (1) 22 Nov 1347 (Papal dispensation), Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Adam Mure, of Rowallan, co. Ayr, and Joan Cunningham. [Magna Charta Sureties]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Robert II (March 2, 1316- April 19, 1390), king of Scotland, called "the Steward", a title that gave the name to the House of Stewart (or Stuart).
Robert was the sole son of Walter, the 6th High Steward of Scotland (d. 1326), and Marjorie (d. 1316 in childbirth), daughter of King Robert the Bruce.
In 1318 the Scottish parliament decreed that if King Robert died without sons the crown should pass to his grandson; but the birth of a son afterwards, King David II, to Bruce in 1324 postponed the accession of Robert for nearly forty-two years. Soon after the infant David became king in 1329, the Steward began to take a prominent part in the affairs of Scotland. He was one of the leaders of the Scottish army at the battle of Halidon Hill in July 1333; and after gaining some successes over the adherents of Edward Balliol in the west of Scotland, he and John Randolph, 3rd Earl of Moray (d. 1346), were chosen as regents of the kingdom, while David sought safety in France.
The colleagues soon quarrelled; then Randolph fell into the hands of the English and Robert became sole regent, meeting with such success in his efforts to restore the royal authority that the king was able to return to Scotland in 1341. Having handed over the duties of government to David, the Steward escaped from the battle of Neville's Cross in 1346, and was again chosen regent while the king was a captive in England. Soon after this event some friction arose between Robert and his royal uncle. Accused, probably without truth, of desertion at Neville's Cross, the Steward as heir-presumptive was greatly chagrined by the king's proposal to make Edward III of England, or one of his sons, the heir to the Scottish throne, and by David's marriage with Margaret Logie.
In 1363 he rose in rebellion, and after having made his submission was seized and imprisoned together with four of his sons, being only released a short time before David's death in February 1371. By the terms of the decree of 1318 Robert now succeeded to the throne, and was crowned at Scone in March 1371. He was not a particularly active king. Some steps were taken by the nobles to control the royal authority. In 1378 a war broke out with England; but the king took no part in the fighting, which included the burning of Edinburgh and the Scottish victory at the Battle of Otterbourne in 1388.
As age and infirmity were telling upon him, the estates in 1389 appointed his second surviving son Robert, Earl of Fife, afterwards Duke of Albany, guardian of the kingdom. The king died at Dundonald in 1390, and was buried at Scone.
His first wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Adam Mure of Rowallan, a lady who had formerly been his mistress. Robert had married her in 1336, but as the marriage had been criticised as uncanonical, he remarried her in 1349. By her he had at least four sons, including Alexander of Buchan, Robert of Albany, his successor Robert III, and six daughters. By his second wife, Euphemia, daughter of Hugh, 6th Earl of Ross, and widow of the 3rd Earl of Moray, formerly his colleague as regent, he had two sons and several daughters.
The confusion about the circumstances of his first marriage would later lead to conflict amongst the descendants of his first marriage (which included James I of Scotland) and the unquestionably legitimate descendants of his second marriage.
Robert had also eight illegitimate children, mostly by unknown mothers.
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| Sources |
- [S1667] Mosley, Charles (editor-in-chief), Burke (1999), (London: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999.), p. 2831 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1484] Ashley, Mike, Ashley (1998), (New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 1998.), p.548 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1328] Schwennicke, Detlev, ES, (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt Verlag, 1980-), 2:93 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1631] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th, 252-32 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1630] Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis,, 41-7 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1631] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th, 75a-32 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1630] Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis,, 41-6 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1629] Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charl, 1989 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1629] Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charl, 1990 (Reliability: 3).
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