 Abt 1340 - 1420 (80 years)
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| Name |
Robert Stewart Of Albany |
| Prefix |
Sir |
| Birth |
Abt 1340 |
Dundonald Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland  [1, 2, 3] |
| Gender |
Male |
| Death |
2 Sep 1420 |
Stirling Castle, Stirlingshire, Scotland [1, 2, 4] |
| Burial |
Dunfermline Abbey, Fifeshire, Scotland |
| Person ID |
I70021 |
Cecilie Family |
| Last Modified |
2 Mar 2009 |
| Father |
King Robert II Stewart Of Scotland, b. 2 Mar 1316, Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire, Scotland d. 19 Apr 1390, Dundonald Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland (Age 74 years) |
| Mother |
Elizabeth Mure, b. 1320, Rowallan Castle, Kilmarnock, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 1355, Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire, Scotland (Age 35 years) |
| Marriage |
22 Nov 1347 |
Late Marriage Legitimized Children [1, 5, 6] |
| Family ID |
F30359 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Family |
Countess Margaret Graham, b. Abt 1334, Doune Castle, Stirlingshire, Scotland d. Bef 4 May 1380 (Age 46 years) |
| Marriage |
9 Sep 1361 |
4th Husband 1St Wife (Dispensation Date) [1, 2, 4] |
| Children |
|
| Family ID |
F30513 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Last Modified |
2 Mar 2009 |
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| Notes |
- Robert's elder brother John became Robert III of Scotland. [Burke's Peerage]
Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, so created 1398 (Albany being Gaelic for Scotland north of Forth), the same day as his nephew, the heir apparent to the throne, they being the first two dukes ever created in Scotland; also Earl of Menteith in right of his wife and Earl of Fife by entail 1371; Great Chamberlain of Scotland 1382-1408, invaded England with Douglas 1385, Regent 1388-1420; imprisoned his nephew, who died mysteriously 1402, invaded England 1417; rebuilt Doune Castle; married 1st (papal dispensation 9 Sep 1361) Margaret (d. c1380), Countess of Menteith in her own right (through whom he inherited Doune Castle), daughter of John Graham, Earl of Menteith, and widow of (a) Sir John Murray, (feudal) Lord of Bothwell, (b) 9th Earl of Mar, and (c) Sir John Drummond of Concraig, and died 2 Sep 1420; married 2nd (papal dispensation May 1380) Muriel (died May 1449), daughter of Sir William Keith, Marshal of Scotland. [Burke's Peerage]
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Robert Stewart, Earl of Fife, Earl of Menteith, Duke of Albany, Great Chamberlain, Regent of Scotland, b. 1339, d. 2 Sep 1420; m. (1) c 1360 Margaret, d. between 20 July 1372 and 4 May 1380, suo juris Countess of Menteith. [Magna Charta Sureties]
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DUKEDOM of ALBANY (SCT) (I) 1398
EARLDOM of ATHOLL (SCT) (XVIII, 1) 1403-1406
EARLDOM of BUCHAN (SCT) (X, 2) 1406?
EARLDOM of FIFE (SCT) (XII, 1) 1371
EARLDOM of MENTEITH (SCT) (X, 1) in right of wife, Margaret Graham 1361
Robert Stewart, 3rd, but 2nd surviving son of Robert, High Steward of Scotland, afterwards (1370-90) Robert II, by his 1st wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Adam Mure, of Rowallan, was b. about 1340, and while a young man (1361), became, in right of his wife, Earl of Menteith. By agreement, 30 Mar 1371, with Isabel, suo jure Countess of Fife, he became, on her resignation, Earl of Fife, by which later title he was generally known. Great Chamberlain 1383-1407. He mad two successful raids into England, one in 1385, and another in 1388. On 1 Dec 1388 the King (his father), being aged, and his eldest brother (afterwards Robert II) infirm, he was made, by Parliament, Guardian of the Realm, and, as such, agreed to a treaty with the English in 1389; but on 27 Jan 1398/9, he was superseded, by the appointment of David, the heir apparent of the throne, as "King's Lieutenant" with as ample powers as his (David's) uncle (the said Duke) had as "Guardian of the Realm". On the death, sp. legit, of his brother Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, he appears to have been considered to have succeeded to that Earldom, (recognized to the said Alexander, 25 July 1382) which he resigned 20 Sep 1406. In Mar 1398 he, with his said nephew David, had an interview at Haudenstank with John, Duke of Lancaster, and other English Commissioners, and shortly afterwards, he and his said nephew were each advanced to a Dukedom (the first Dukes ever made in Scotland), he being, on 28 Apr 1398, created Duke of Albany, in a solemn Council held at Scone. For his complicity in the arrest of his said nephew, David, then Duke of Rothesay (who d. a prisoner in Albany's Castle of Falkland, 27 Mar 1402), he received a remission from Parliament. After his nephew's death, the Duke assumed the then vacant office of "King's Lieutenant"; and by Charter, 2 Sep 1403, was created Earl of Atholl, during the life of the reigning King, with remainder (should he die before the said King) to his 2nd son John. By the death of the said King, 4 Apr 1406, this Earldom consequently became extinct. At the council held June 1406, after the death of his brother Robert III, he was made Regent, the King (his nephew James I), being then a prisoner in England, which Kingdom accordingly he again invaded in 1417, but on this occasion without success.
He m., 1stly (dispensation 9 Sep 1361), Margaret, suo jure Countess of Menteith (who had previously been the wife of Sir John Moray of Bothwell (dsp. 1352), of Thomas Erskine, 9th Earl of Mar, and of Sir John Drummond of Concraig), daughter (only surviving child & heir) of John Graham, jure uxoris Earl of Menteith, by Mary, suo jure Countess of Menteith. She d. about 1380, between 21 Jul 1372 and 4 May 1380. He m. 2ndly (Papal dispensation 4 May 1380), Muriel, 1st daughter of Sir William Keith, Marischal of Scotland, by Margaret, daughter and heir of John Fraser of Zouch (sic. Touch?) Fraser, son and heir of Sir Alexander Fraser, High Chamberlain. He d. 3 Sep 1420, at Stirling Castle, aged above 80, and was buried in Donfermline Abbey. His widow d. shortly before Whitsunday (1 June) 1449. [Complete Peerage I:77-79, XIV:15]
Note: Albany is that part of Scotland which lies north of the Firths of Clyde & Forth, including all of the highlands, which was the ancient kingdom of Albans. Also note that James I was a prisoner because his father (Robert III) felt the need to send him to France in order to protect him from the Duke of Albany (otherwise he would have suffered the same fate as his brother David). But the ship he was on, bound for France, was captured by the English, and James was taken prisoner for a very long time. The Duke of Albany was sometimes blamed for not ransoming James earlier, but apparently the fault lay with the English, who had no desire to free him.
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| Sources |
- [S1629] Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charl, 1989 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1634] Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great, I:77-79 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1630] Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis,, 41d-9 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1630] Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis,, 41d-8 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1631] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th, 252-32 (Reliability: 3).
- [S1630] Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis,, 41-7 (Reliability: 3).
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